Audiencias activas y discusión social en la esfera pública digital. Artículo de revisión
Palabras clave:
Audiencias activas, Deliberación, Esfera pública digital, Participación, Comentarios, Compartición de noticiasResumen
En poco más de una década, conceptos esenciales de la investigación sobre comunicación se han convertido en conceptos zombis (Beck; Willms, 2004) y no son eficaces para comprender la profunda transformación que se ha producido con la irrupción de internet. Esfera pública, deliberación, audiencias, público... La bibliografía académica ha oscilado entre un optimismo inicial sobre las posibilidades de fortalecimiento de la democracia de las tecnologías de la comunicación a un escepticismo crítico. Este texto revisa la bibliografía académica en relación a las formas de deliberación social adoptadas en el contexto de los medios de comunicación y de las redes sociales y su incidencia en la esfera pública.Descargas
Citas
Aalberg, Toril; Blekesaune, Arild; Elvestad, Eiri (2013). "Media choice and informed democracy: Toward increasing news consumption gaps in Europe". The international journal of press/politics, v. 18, n. 3, pp. 281-303. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161213485990
Aalberg, Toril; Van-Aelst, Peter; Curran, James (2010). "Media systems and the political information environment: A cross-national comparison". The international journal of press/politics, v. 15, n. 3, pp. 255-271. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161210367422
Allcott, Hunt; Gentzkow, Matthew (2017). "Social media and fake news in the 2016 election". Journal of economic perspectives, v. 31, n. 2, pp. 211-236. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211
Almgren, Susanne M.; Olsson, Tobias (2015). "Let´s get them involved... to some extent: Analyzing online news participation". Social media + society, v. 1, n. 2, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115621934
Andersen, Jan-Christoffer; Sandberg, Sveinung (2018). "Islamic State propaganda: Between social movement framing and subcultural provocation". Terrorism and political violence, Online first. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2018.1484356
Anderson, Ashley A.; Brossard, Dominique E.; Scheufele, Dietram A. (2012). "Online talk: how exposure to disagreement in online comments affects beliefs in the promise of contro- versial science". In: L. J. Phillips; A. Carvalho; J. Doyle (eds.). Citizen voices: Performing public participation in science and environment communication. Bristol: Intellect, pp. 119-136. ISBN: 978 1 841506210
Anderson, Ashley A.; Brossard, Dominique; Scheufele, Dietram A.; Xenos, Michael A.; Ladwig, Peter (2014). "The "˜Nasty effect:´ Online incivility and risk perceptions of emerging technologies". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 19, n. 3, pp. 373-387. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12009
Anderson, Monica; Caumont, Andrea (2014). How social media is reshaping news. Pew Research Center. http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/09/24/how-social-media-is-reshaping-news
Anduiza, Eva; Cantijoch, Marta; Gallego, Aina (2009). "Political participation and the Internet". Information, communication and society, v. 12, n. 6, pp. 860-878. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691180802282720
Anduiza, Eva; Jensen, Michael; Jorba, Laia (2012). Digital media and political engagement around the world: A comparative analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 1 107668492
Anduiza, Eva; Cristancho, Camilo; Sabucedo, José M. (2014). "Mobilization through online social networks: the political protest of the indignados in Spain". Information, communication and society, v. 17, n. 6, pp. 750-764. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.808360
Baden, Christian; Springer, Nina (2014). "Com(ple)menting the news on the financial crisis: The contribution of news users´ commentary to the diversity of viewpoints in the public debate". European journal of communication, v. 29, n. 5, pp. 529-548. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323114538724
Bakker, Piet; Pantti, Mervi (2009). "Beyond news: user-generated content on Dutch media websites". In: Future of journalism conference. Cardiff, Wales, 9-10 September. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229016844_Beyond_News_User-generated_content_on_Dutch_media_websites
Bakker, Piet (2014). "Mr. Gates returns: Curation, community management and other new roles for journalists". Journalism studies, v. 15, n. 5, pp. 596-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.901783
Bakshy, Eytan; Rosenn, Itamar; Marlow, Cameron; Adamic, Lada-Ariana (2012). "The role of social networks in information diffusion". In: Procs of the 21st intl conf on world wide web. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2187907
Bakshy, Eytan; Messing, Solomon; Adamic, Lada-Ariana (2015). "Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook". Science, v. 348, n. 6239, pp. 1130-1132. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1160
Banaji, Shakuntala; Buckingham, David (2013). The civic web: Young people, the internet, and civic participation. Cambridge, The MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262 01964 4
Bandari, Roja; Asur, Sitaram; Huberman, Bernardo A. (2012). "The pulse of news in social media: Forecasting popularity". In: Procs of the Sixth intl AAAI conf on weblogs and social media. https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/ICWSM/ICWSM12/paper/viewFile/4646/4963
Barber, Benjamin R. (1984). Strong democracy: Participatory politics for a new age. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN: 978 0 520 05616 7
Barberá, Pablo; Jost, John T.; Nagler, Jonathan; Tucker, Joshua A.; Bonneau, Richard (2015). "Tweeting from left to right: Is online political communication more than an echo chamber?". Psychological science, v. 26, n. 10, pp. 1531-1542. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615594620
Barnes, Renee (2018). Uncovering online. Commenting online: Trolls, fanboys and lurkers. Cham, SW: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN: 978 3 319 70234 6
Barnes, Renee (2013). "The "˜ecology of participation´. A study of audience engagement on alternative journalism websites". Digital journalism, v. 2, n. 4, pp. 542-557. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2013.859863
Batorski, Dominik; Grzywińska, Ilona (2018). "Three dimensions of the public sphere on Facebook". Information, communication and society, v. 21, n. 3, pp. 356-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1281329
Bauman, Zygmund (2000). Liquid modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745624105
Bauman, Zygmund (2005). Liquid life. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745635156
Bechmann, Anja; Nielbo, Kristoffer L. (2018). "Are we exposed to the same "˜news´ in the news feed?: An empirical analysis of filter bubbles as information similarity for Danish Facebook users". Digital journalism, v. 6, n. 8, pp. 990-1002. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1510741
Beck, Ulrich; Willms, Johannes (2004). Conversations with Ulrich Beck. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745628233
Benkler, Yochai (2006). The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven: Yale UP. ISBN: 978 0 300 11056 2 http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf
Benkler, Yochai; Roberts, Hal; Faris, Robert; Solow-Niederman, Alicia; Etling, Bruce (2015). "Social mobilization and the networked public sphere: Mapping the SOPA-PIPA debate". Political communication, v. 32, n. 4, pp. 594-624. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2014.986349
Bennett, W. Lance (2008). Civic life online: Learning how digital media can engage youth. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262026345
Bennett, W. Lance; Segerberg, Alexandra (2013). The logic of connective action: Digital media and the personalization of contentious politics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 1 107642720
Bennett, W. Lance; Iyengar, Shanto (2008). "A new era of minimal effects? The changing foundations of political communication". Journal of communication, v. 58, pp. 707-731. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00410.x
Berger, Jonah; Milkman, Katherine L. (2012). "What makes online content viral?" Journal of marketing research, v. 49, n. 2, pp. 192-205. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmr.10.0353
Bergstrí¶m, Annika; Wadbring, Ingela (2015). "Beneficial yet crappy: Journalists and audiences on obstacles and opportunities in reader comments". European journal of communication, v. 30, n. 2, pp. 137-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323114559378
Bergstrí¶m, Annika (2008). "The reluctant audience: Online participation in the Swedish journalistic context". Westminster papers in communication and culture, v. 5, n. 2, pp. 60-79. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.475.3657&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Best, Samuel J.; Krueger, Brian S. (2005). "Analyzing the representativeness of internet political participation". Political behavior, v. 27, n. 2, pp. 183-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-005-3242-y
Boczkowski, Pablo J.; Mitchelstein, Eugenia (2012). "How users take advantage of different forms of interactivity on online news sites: Clicking, e-mailing, and commenting". Human communication research, v. 38, n. 1, pp. 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2011.01418.x
Boczkowski, Pablo J.; Mitchelstein, Eugenia; Matassi, Mora (2018). "News comes across when I´m in a moment of leisure: Understanding the practices of incidental news consumption on social media". New media and society, v. 20, n. 10, pp. 3523-3539. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817750396
Borger, Merel; Van-Hoof, Anita; Costera-Meijer, Irene; Sanders, José (2013). "Constructing participatory journalism as a scholarly object: A genealogical analysis". Digital journalism, v. 1, n. 1, pp. 117-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2012.740267
Boulianne, Shelley (2015). "Social media use and participation: A meta-analysis of current research". Information, communication and society, v. 18, n. 5, pp. 524-538. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2015.1008542
Bourdieu, Pierre (1998). On television and journalism. London: Pluto Press. ISBN: 978 0 745313337
Boxell, Levi; Gentzkow, Matthew; Shapiro, Jesse M. (2017). "Is the Internet causing political polarization? Evidence from demographics". NBER Working paper No. W23258. https://www.nber.org/papers/w23258.pdf
Boyd, Danah (2007). "Why youth (heart) social network sites: The role of networked publics in teenage social life". In: D. Buckingham (ed.). Macarthur Foundation series on digital learning - Youth, identity, and digital media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 1-26. ISBN: 978 0 262524834
Boyd, Danah; Ellison, Nicole B. (2007). "Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 13, n. 1, pp. 210-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x
Boyd, Danah; Golder, Scott; Lotan, Gilad (2010). "Tweet, tweet, retweet: conversational aspects of retweeting on Twitter". In: HICSS-43. IEEE: Kauai, HI, January 6. https://www.danah.org/papers/TweetTweetRetweet.pdf
Brenne, Sarah (2016). "Political discussion on social media and the public sphere". Sociology and anthropology, v. 4, n. 4, pp. 270-275. https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2016.040410
Bright, Jonathan (2016). "The social news gap: How news reading and news sharing diverge". Journal of communication, v. 66, n. 3, pp. 343-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12232
Broersma, Marcel; Graham, Todd (2013). "Twitter as a news source". Journalism practice, v. 7, n. 4, pp. 446-464. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.802481
Brooks, Deborah-Jordan; Geer, John G. (2007). "Beyond negativity: The effects of incivility on the electorate". American journal of political science, v. 51, n. 1, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00233.x
Brundidge, Jennifer (2010). "Encountering "˜difference´ in the contemporary public sphere: The contribution of the internet to the heterogeneity of political discussion networks". Journal of communication, v. 60, n. 4, pp. 680-700. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01509.x
Bruns, Axel; Highfield, Tim (2016). "Is Habermas on Twitter? Social media and de public Sphere". In: Bruns, Axel et al. (eds.). The Routledge companion to social media and politics. New York: Routledge, pp. 56-73. ISBN: 978 1 138300934 https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91810
Bruns, Axel; Highfield, Tim (2015). "From news blogs to news on Twitter: Gatewatching and collaborative news curation". In: Coleman, Stephen; Freelon, Deen. Handbook of digital politics. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 325-339. ISBN: 978 1 78643 563 7 https://eprints.qut.edu.au/84995
Bruns, Axel (2008a). "Life beyond the public sphere: Towards a networked model for political deliberation". Information polity, v. 13, n. 1-2, pp. 65-79. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1412691
Bruns, Axel (2008b). Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and beyond: From production to produsage. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN: 978 0 820488660
Bruns, Axel (2018). Gatewatching and news curation: Journalism, social media, and the public sphere. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN: 978 1 4331 3320 6 https://goo.gl/k8hqPN
Bruns, Axel; Highfield, Tim, Burgess; Jean (2013). "The Arab Spring and social media audiences: English and Arabic Twitter users and their networks". American behavioral scientist, v. 57, n. 7, pp. 871-898. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764213479374
Butsch, Richard (2008). The citizen audience. crowds, publics, and individuals. London: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415977890
Calhoun, Craig (1992). "Introduction: Habermas and the public sphere". In: Calhoun, C. (ed.). Habermas and the public sphere. Cambridge: The MIT Press, pp. 1-44. ISBN: 978 0 262531146
Camaj, Lindita; Santana, Arthur D. (2015). "Political deliberation on Facebook during electoral campaigns: Exploring the relevance of moderator´s technical role and political ideology". Journal of information technology and politics, v. 12, v. 4, pp. 325-341. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2015.1100224
Canter, Lily (2013). "The misconception of online comment threads: Content and control on local newspaper websites". Journalism practice, v. 7, n. 5, pp. 604-619. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2012.740172
Cappella, Joseph N.; Jamieson, Kathleen-Hall (1997). Spiral of cynicism: The press and the public good. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 195090642
Castells, Manuel (2009). Communication power. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 199595693
Chadwick, Andrew (2013). The hybrid media system: Politics and power. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 199759477
Chen, Gina-Masullo; Lu, Shuning (2017). "Online political discourse: Exploring differences in effects of civil and uncivil disagreement in news website comments". Journal of broadcasting & electronic media, v. 61, n. 1, pp. 108-125. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2016.1273922
Cherubini, Federica; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2016). Editorial analytics: How news media are developing and using audience data and metrics. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/our-research/editorial-analytics-how-news-media-are-developing-and-using-audience-data-and-metrics
Choi, Jihyang (2016). "News internalizing and externalizing: The dimensions of news sharing on online social networking sites sharing news on social networking sites". Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 93, n. 4, pp. 816-835. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699016628812
Clark, Jessica; Aufderheide, Patricia (2009). Public media 2.0: Dynamic, engaged publics. Center for Media and Social Media. http://cmsimpact.org/sites/default/files/documents/pages/publicmedia2.0.pdf
Coddington, Mark; Holton, Avery E. (2014). "When the gates swing open: Examining network gatekeeping in a social media setting". Mass communication and society, v. 17, n. 2, pp. 236-257. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2013.779717
Coe, Kevin; Kenski, Kate; Rains, Stephen A. (2014). "Online and uncivil? Patterns and determinants of incivility in newspaper website comments". Journal of communication, v. 64, n. 4, pp. 658-679. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12104
Cooke, Nicole A. (2018). Fake news and alternative facts: Information literacy in a post-truth era. Chicago: ALA Editions. ISBN: 978 0 838916360
Correa, Teresa; Hinsley, Amber-Willard; Gil de Zúñiga, Homero (2010). "Who interacts on the web?: The intersection of users´ personality and social media use". Computers in human behavior, v. 26, n. 2, pp. 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.09.003
Couldry, Nick; Livingstone, Sonia; Markham, Tim (2007). Media consumption and public engagement. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN: 978 0 230 80082 3
Couldry, Nick (2003). Media rituals: A critical approach. London: Routledge. ISBN: 978 1 134490172
Cunningham, Stuart (2001). "Popular media as public "˜sphericules´ for diasporic communities". International journal of cultural studies, v. 4, n. 2, pp. 131-147. https://doi.org/10.1177/136787790100400201
Curran, James (2011a). Media and democracy. Communication and society. London, England: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415317078
Curran, James (2011b). Media and society. London, England: Bloomsbury. ISBN: 978 0 340984451
Curran, James; Fenton, Natalie; Freedman, Des (2012). Misunderstanding the Internet. New York: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415 57958 2 https://courses.helsinki.fi/sites/default/files/course-material/4511752/CURRAN%20ET%20AL_Misunderstanding%20the%20internet.pdf
Dahlberg, Lincoln (2005). "The Habermasian public sphere: A specification of the idealized conditions of democratic communication". Studies in social and political thought, n. 10, pp. 2-18. https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=10-1a.pdf&site=412
Dahlberg, Lincoln (2011). "Re-constructing digital democracy: An outline of four 'positions'". New media & society, v. 13, n. 6, pp. 855-872. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444810389569
Dahlgren, Peter (2000a). "The Internet and the democratization of civic culture". Political communication, n. 17, pp. 335-340. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600050178933
Dahlgren, Peter (2000b). "Media, citizens and civic culture". In: M. Gurevitch; J. Curran (eds.). Mass media and society, 3rd ed. London: Edward Arnold, pp. 310-328. ISBN: 978 0 340884997
Dahlgren, Peter (2003). "Reconfiguring civic culture in the new media milieu". In: J. Comer; D. Pels (eds.). Media and political style: Essays on representation and civic culture. London: Sage, pp. 151-170.
Dahlgren, Peter (2005). "The Internet, public spheres, and political communication: Dispersion and deliberation". Political communication, n. 22, pp. 147-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600590933160
Dahlgren, Peter (2007). "Youth, civic engagement and learning via new media". In: Peter Dahlgren (ed.). Young citizens and new media: Learning for democratic participation. New York: Routledge, pp. 1-18. ISBN: 978 0 415395991
Dahlgren, Peter (2009). Media and political engagement: Citizens, communication, and democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN: 978 0 521 52789 7
Dahlgren, Peter (2013). The political web. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN: 978 1 137326379
Dalton, Russell J. (1996). Citizen politics: Public opinion and political parties in advanced Western democracies. Chatham: Sage.
Davenport, Thomas; Beck, John C. (2001). The attention economy: Understanding the new economy of business. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press. ISBN: 978 1 578518715
Del-Vicario, Michela; Bessi, Alessandro; Zollo, Fabiana; Petroni, Fabio; Scala, Antonio; Caldarelli, Guido; Stanley, H. Eugene; Quattrociocchi, Walter (2016). "The spreading of misinformation online". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 113, n. 3, pp. 554-559. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517441113
Deuze, Mark; Bruns, Axel; Neuberger, Christoph (2007). "Preparing for an age of participatory news". Journalism practice, v. 1, n. 3, pp. 322-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780701504864
Deuze, Mark (2001). "Understanding the impact of the Internet. On new media professionalism, mindsets and buzzwords". Ejournalism. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254750080_Understanding_the_impact_of_the_Internet_On_new_media_professionalism_mindsets_and_buzzwords
Dewey, John (1946). The public and its problems. An essay in political inquiry. Chicago: Gateway Books. ISBN: 978 0 804011662
Diamond, Larry-Jay; Plattner, Marc F. (2012). Liberation technology: Social media and the struggle for democracy. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN: 978 1 4214 0568 1 https://hci.stanford.edu/courses/cs047n/readings/diamond-libtech.pdf
Dimitrova, Daniela V.; Shehata, Adam; Strí¶mbí¤ck, Jesper; Nord, Lars W. (2011). "The effects of digital media on political knowledge and participation in election campaigns: Evidence from panel data". Communication research, v. 41, n. 1, pp. 95-118. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650211426004
Domingo, David; Quandt, Thorsten; Heinonen, Ari; Paulussen, Steve; Singer, Jane B.; Vujnovic, Marina (2008). "Participatory journalism practices in the media and beyond. An international comparative study of initiatives in online newspapers". Journalism practice, v. 2, n. 3, pp. 326-342. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780802281065
Dubois, Elizabeth; Blank, Grant (2018). "The echo chamber is overstated: The moderating effect of political interest in diverse media". Information communication and society, v. 21, n. 5, pp. 729-745. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1428656
Dvir-Gvirsman, Shira (2017). "Media audience homophily: Partisan websites, audience identity and polarization processes". New media & society, v. 19, n. 7, pp. 1072-1091. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815625945
Edstrom, Maria (2016) "The trolls disappear in the light: Swedish experiences of mediated sexualised hate speech in the aftermath of Behring Breivik". International journal for crime, justice and social democracy, v. 5, n. 2, pp. 96-106. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i2.314
Eltantawy, Nahed; Wiest, Julie B. (2011). "The Arab Spring| social media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering resource mobilization theory". International journal of communication, v. 5, pp. 1207-1224. http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1242
Engesser, Sven; Humprecht, Edda (2015). "Frequency or skillfulness". Journalism studies, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 513-529. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.939849
Enjolras, Bernard; Steen-Johnsen, Kari; Wollebaek, Dag (2013). "Social media and mobilization to offline demonstrations: Transcending participatory divides?". New media & society, v. 15, n. 6, pp. 890-908. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812462844
Esser, Frank; De-Vreese, Claes H. (2007). "Comparing young voters´ political engagement in the United States and Europe". American behavioral scientist, v. 50, n. 9, pp. 1195-1213. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764207299364
European Commission (2018). Final report of the High Level Expert Group on fake news and online disinformation. A multi-dimensional approach to disinformation. https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/final-report-high-level-expert-group-fake-news-and-online-disinformation
Fahmy, Nagwa-Abdel-Salam (2012). "News diffusion and facilitation of conversation" Journal of Middle East Media, v. 8, n. 1, pp. 1-21. http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/90596188/news-diffusion-facilitation-conversation
Fisher, Caroline (2017). "Bypassing the news media: Politicians and public regaining control". Reuters Institute Digital News Report, Ireland, pp. 98-100.
Fisher, Caroline; Culloty, Eileen; Lee, Jee-Young; Park, Sora (2019). "Regaining Control Citizens who follow politicians on social media and their perceptions of journalism". Digital journalism, Online first. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1519375
Flaxman, Seth; Goel, Sharad; Rao, Justin M. (2016). "Filter bubbles, echo chambers, and online news consumption". Public opinion quarterly, v. 80, n. S1, pp. 298-320. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfw006
Fletcher, Richard; Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis (2018). "Are people incidentally exposed to news on social media? A comparative analysis". New media and society, v. 20, n. 7, pp. 2450-2468. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817724170
Foucault, Michel (1977). Discipline & punish: The birth of the prison. New York: Random House. ISBN: 978 0 679752554
Frankel, Mark (2018). The promises and pitfalls of reporting within chat apps and other semi-open platforms: A journalist´s guide. http://www.niemanlab.org/2018/07/a-journalists-guide-to-the-promises-and-pitfalls-of-reporting-within-open-and-closed-and-semi-open-platforms
Fraser, Nancy (1992). "Rethinking the public sphere: A contribution to the critique of actually existing democracy". In: C. Calhoun (ed.). Habermas and the public sphere. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, pp. 109-142. ISBN: 978 0 262531146
Galston, William (2002). "The impact of the Internet on civic life: An early assessment". In: E. Kamarck; J. Nye (eds.). Governance.com: Democracy in the information age. Washington, DC: Brookings, pp. 40-58. ISBN: 978 0 815702177
Galston, William (2003). "If political fragmentation is the problem, is the Intemet the solution?". In: D. M. Anderson; M. Cornfield (eds.). The civic web: Online politics and democratic values. Lanham, MD: Rowman; Littlefield, pp. 35-44. ISBN: 978 0 742501942
García-Perdomo, Víctor; Salaverría, Ramón; Kilgo, Danielle K.; Harlow, Summer (2018). "To share or not to share: The influence of news values and topics on popular social media content in the United States, Brazil, and Argentina". Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 8, pp. 1180-1201. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1265896
Garrett, R. Kelly (2009). "Politically motivated reinforcement seeking: Reframing the selective exposure debate". Journal of communication, v. 59, n. 4, pp. 676-699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01452.x
Giddens, Anthony (1991). Modernity and self-identity: self and society in the late modern age. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 804719445
Gil de Zúñiga, Homero; Copeland, Lauren; Bimber, Bruce (2013). "Political consumerism: Civic engagement and the social media connection". New media & society, v. 16, n. 3, pp. 488-506. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813487960
Gil de Zúñiga, Homero; Weeks, Brian; Ardèvol-Abreu, Alberto (2017). "Effects of the news-finds-me perception in communication: Social media use implications for news seeking and learning about politics". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 22, n. 3, pp. 105-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12185
Gillmor, Dan (2004). We the media: Grassroots journalism, by the people, for the people. Sebastopol: O´Reilly. https://goo.gl/HGo79e
Gitlin, Todd (1998). "Public sphere or public sphericules?". In: T. Liebes and J. Curran (eds.). Media, ritual and identity. London: Routledge, pp. 175-202. ISBN: 978 0 415159913
Gladwell, Malcolm (2010). "Small change". The New Yorker. October, 4. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell
Goh, Debbie; Ling, Richard; Huang, Liuyu; Liew, Doris (2017). "News sharing as reciprocal exchanges in social cohesion maintenance". Information communication and society. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1406973
Goldhaber, Michael H. (1997). "The attention economy and the Net". First Monday, v. 2, n. 4. https://firstmonday.org/article/view/519/440
Goní§alves, Joí£o (2018). "Aggression in news comments: How context and article topic shape user-generated content". Journal of applied communication research, v. 46, n. 5, pp. 604-620. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2018.1529419
Gray, Mark; Caul, Miki (2000). "Declining voter turnout in advanced industrial democracies, 1950 to 1997: The effects of declining group mobilization". Comparative political studies, v. 33, n. 9, pp. 1091-1122.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414000033009001
Groshek, Jacob; Koc-Michalska, Karolina (2017). "Helping populism win? Social media use, filter bubbles, and support for populist presidential candidates in the 2016 US election campaign". Information, communication and society, v. 20, n. 9, pp. 1389-1407. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1329334
Gsell, Lindsay (2009). "Comments anonymous: Newspaper web sites wrestle with offensive blog comments". American journalism review, v. 31, n. 1, 16 pp. http://www.ajr.org/article_printable.asp?id=4681
Guallar, Javier; Suau, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Sáez, Albert; Masip, Pere (2016). "Re-dissemination of news and public debate on social networks". El profesional de la información, v. 25, n. 3, pp. 358-366. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2016.may.05
Habermas, Jürgen (1984). The theory of communicative action. Vol. 1. Reason and the rationalization of society. Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN: 0 8070 1507 5 http://www.dphu.org/uploads/attachements/books/books_2795_0.pdf
Habermas, Jürgen (1987). The theory of communicative action. Vol. 2. Lifeworld and system: A critique of functionalist reason. Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN: 978 0 807014011 https://uniteyouthdublin.files.wordpress.com/2015/01/4421-the_theory_of_communicative.pdf
Habermas, Jürgen (1989). The structural transformation of the public sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262 08180 1 https://pages.uoregon.edu/koopman/courses_readings/phil123-net/publicness/habermas_structural_trans_pub_sphere.pdf
Habermas, Jürgen (1998). Conciencia moral y acción comunicativa. Barcelona: Península, 1998. ISBN: 978 84 74324488
Habermas, Jürgen (2003). La ética del discurso y la cuestión de la verdad. Barcelona: Paidós. ISBN: 978 84 49314483
Habermas, Jürgen (2006). "Political communication in media society: Does democracy still enjoy an epistemic dimension? The impact of normative theory on empirical research". Communication theory, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 411-426. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2006.00280.x
Haciyakupoglu, Gulizar; Zhang, Weiyu (2015). "Social media and trust during the Gezi protests in Turkey". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 20, n. 4, pp. 450-466. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12121
Haim, Mario; Graefe, Andreas; Brosius, Hans-Bernd (2018). "Burst of the filter bubble?: Effects of personalization on the diversity of Google News". Digital journalism, v. 6, n. 3, pp. 330-343. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2017.1338145
Haines, Russell; Hough, Jill; Cao, Lan; Haines, Douglas (2014). "Anonymity in computer-"mediated communication: More contrarian ideas with less influence". Group decision and negotiation, v. 23, n. 4, pp. 765-786. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10726-012-9318-2
Hall, Peter A. (2002). "Great Britain: The role of Government and the distribution of social capital". In: Putnam, Robert D. (ed.) Democracies in flux: The evolution of social capital in contemporary society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 21-57. ISBN: 978 0 195150896 https://doi.org/10.1093/0195150899.001.0001
Hanson, Gary; Haridakis, Paul (2008). "YouTube users watching and sharing the news: A uses and gratifications approach". The journal of electronic publishing, v. 11, n. 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/3336451.0011.305
Hartley, John; Green, Joshua (2006). "The public sphere on the beach". European journal of cultural studies, v. 9, n. 3, pp. 341-362. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549406066077
Heimbach, Irina; Schiller, Benjamin; Strufe, Thorsten; Hinz, Oliver (2015). "Content virality on online social networks: empirical evidence from Twitter, Facebook, and Google+ on German news websites". In: Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conf on hypertext & social media. ISBN: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2791032
Heinbach, Dominique; Ziegele, Marc; Quiring, Oliver (2018). "Sleeper effect from below: Long-term effects of source credibility and user comments on the persuasiveness of news media". New media & society, v. 20, n. 12, pp. 4765-4786. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818784472
Hermida, Alfred (2010). "Twittering the news - The emergence of ambient journalism". Journalism practice, v. 4, n. 3, pp. 297-308. https://www.jour.auth.gr/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Hermida.pdf
Hermida, Alfred (2013). "#Journalism: Reconfiguring journalism research about Twitter, one tweet at a time". Digital journalism, v. 1, n. 3, pp. 295-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2013.808456
Hermida, Alfred; Fletcher, Fred; Korell, Darryl; Logan, Donna (2012). "Share, like, recommend". Journalism studies, v. 13, n. 5-6, pp. 815-824. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2012.664430
Hermida, Alfred; Lewis, Seth C.; Zamith, Rodrigo (2014). "Sourcing the Arab Spring: A case study of Andy Carvin´s sources on Twitter during the Tunisian and Egyptian revolutions". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 19, n. 3, pp. 479-499. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12074
Hermida, Alfred; Thurman, Neil (2008). "A clash of cultures. The integration of user-generated content within professional journalistic frameworks at British newspaper websites". Journalism practice, v. 2, n. 3, pp. 343-356. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780802054538
Herrera-Damas, Susana; Hermida, Alfred (2014). "Tweeting but not talking: The missing element in talk radio's institutional use of Twitter". Journal of broadcasting & electronic media, v. 58, n. 4, pp. 481-500. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2014.966361
Himelboim, Itai; McCreery, Stephen; Smith, Marc (2013). "Birds of a feather tweet together: Integrating network and content analyses to examine cross-ideology exposure on twitter". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 40-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12001
Holbert, R. Lance; Garrett, R. Kelly; Gleason, Laurel S. (2010). "A new era of minimal effects? A response to Bennett and Iyengar". Journal of communication, v. 60, n. 1, pp. 15-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01470.x
Holton, Avery; Baek, Kang; Coddington, Mark; Yaschur, Carolyn (2014). "Seeking and sharing: Motivations for linking on Twitter". Communication research reports, n. 31, pp. 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2013.843165
Hsueh, Mark; Yogeeswaran, Kumar; Malinen, Sanna (2015). "Leave your comment below´: Can biased online comments influence our own prejudicial attitudes and behaviors?" Human communication research, v. 41, n. 4, pp. 557-576. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12059
Hu, Mengdie; Liu, Shixia; Wei, Furu; Wu, Yingcai; Stasko, John; Ma, Kwan-Liu (2012). "Breaking news on Twitter". In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2208672
Humanes, María-Luisa (2016). "Exposición selectiva, partidismo y polarización de las audiencias de los medios en España". In: Casero, Andreu (coord.). Periodismo y democracia en el entorno digital. Madrid: SEP, pp. 37-52. ISBN: 978 84 606 6945 6 http://www.periodistica.es/sep2016r/images/pdf/Periodismo-y-Democracia.pdf
Hwang, Hyunseo; Kim, Youngju; Kim, Yeojin (2018). "Influence of discussion incivility on deliberation: An examination of the mediating role of moral indignation". Communication research, v. 45, n. 2, pp. 213-240. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650215616861
Ihlebaek, Karoline-Andrea; Krumsvik, Arne H. (2015). "Editorial power and public participation in online newspapers". Journalism, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 470-487. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913520200
Inglehart, Ronald (1997). Modernization and postmodernization: Cultural, economic and political change in 43 Societies. Princeton: Princeton University. ISBN: 978 0 691011806
Iyengar, Shanto; Hahn, Kyu S. (2009). "Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media use". Journal of communication, v. 59, n. 1, pp. 19-39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402.x
Jeffries, Stuart (2016). Grand Hotel Abyss. The lives of the Frankfurt School. London-New York: Verso Books. ISBN: 978 1 784785680
Jenkins, Henry; Ford, Sam; Green, Joshua (2013). Spreadable media. New York: New York University Press. ISBN: 978 0 814743508
Jensen, J. Linaa (2006). "The Minnesota e-democracy project: Mobilising the mobilised?". In: Oates, S.; Owen, D.; Gibson, R. (eds.). The Internet and politics. Citizens, voters and activists. London: Routledge, pp. 39-58. ISBN: 978 0 415347846
Kalogeropoulos, Antonis; Negredo, Samuel; Picone, Ike; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2017). "Who shares and comments on news?: A cross-national comparative analysis of online and social media participation". Social media + society, v. 3, n. 4, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117735754
Kalsnes, Bente; Larsson, Anders-Olof (2018). "Understanding news sharing across social media". Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 11, pp. 1669-1688. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2017.1297686
Karpowitz, Christopher F.; Raphael, Chad (2014). "Introduction". Deliberation, democracy, and civic forums: Improving equality and publicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 1 107 04643 6
Keane, John (1991). The media and democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745608044
Khaldarova, Irina; Pantti, Mervi (2016). "Fake news. The narrative battle over the Ukrainian conflict". Journalism practice, v. 10, n. 7, pp. 891-901. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2016.1163237
Kim, Hyun-Suk (2015). "Attracting views and going viral: How message features and newssharing channels affect health news diffusion". Journal of communication, v. 65, n. 3, pp. 512-534. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12160
Kim, Min-Gyu; Kim, Joohan (2012). "Comparing the effects of newspaper, TV news, and the internet news on the evaluation of a major political candidate: Latent growth modeling with longitudinal panel data from the 2007 presidential campaign in South Korea". International journal of public opinion research, v. 24, n. 1, pp. 62-78. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edr046
Klinger, Ulrike; Svensson, Jakob (2015). "The emergence of network media logic in political communication: A theoretical approach". New media & society, v. 17, n. 8, pp. 1241-1257. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814522952
Kormelink, Tim-Groot; Costera-Meijer, Irene (2018). "What clicks actually mean: Exploring digital news user practices". Journalism, v. 19, n. 5, pp. 668-683. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916688290
Kovach, Bill; Rosenstiel, Tom (2001). The elements of journalism: what news people should know and the public should expect. New York: Three Rivers. ISBN: 978 0 804136785
Krumsvik, Arne H. (2013). "Towards a typology of strategies for user involvement". In: Friedrichsen, M.; Mühl-Benninghaus, W. (eds.). Handbook of social media management. Media business and innovation. Berlin: Springer, pp. 657-670. ISBN: 978 3 642288968
Ksiazek, Thomas B. (2018). "Commenting on the news: Explaining the degree and quality of user comments on news websites". Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 5, pp. 650-673. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1209977
Ksiazek, Thomas B.; Peer, Limor; Zivic, Andrew (2015). "Discussing the news: Civility and hostility in user comments". Digital journalism, v. 3, n. 6, pp. 850-870. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2014.972079
Kümpel, Anna-Sophie; Karnowski, Veronika; Keyling, Till (2015). "News sharing in social media: A review of current research on news sharing users, content, and networks". Social media + society, v. 1, n. 2, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115610141
Lampinen, Airi (2015). "Deceptively simple: Unpacking the notion of "˜sharing´". Social media + society, v. 1, n. 1. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115578135
Lanham, Richard A. (2006). The economics of attention: Style and substance in the age of information. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978 0 226 46882 2
Larsson, Anders-Oloff (2012). "Interactivity on Swedish newspaper websites: What kind, how much and why?". Convergence: The international journal of research into new media technologies, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 195-213. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856511430184
Larsson, Anders-Olof (2018). ""˜I shared the news today, oh boy´: News provision and interaction on Facebook". Journalism studies, v. 19, n. 1, pp. 43-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1154797
Losey, James (2014). "The Anti-counterfeiting trade agreement and European civil society: A Case study of networked advocacy". Journal of information policy, v. 4, pp. 205-227. https://goo.gl/AC8to9
Lasorsa, Dominic L.; Lewis, Seth C.; Holton, Avery E. (2012). "Normalizing Twitter. Journalism practice in an emerging communication space". Journalism studies, v. 13, n. 1, pp. 19-36. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2011.571825
Lazarsfeld, Paul-Felix; Berelson, Bernard; Gaudet, Hazel (1948). The people´s choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. ISBN: 978 0 231085830
Lee, Chei-Sian; Ma, Long (2012). "News sharing in social media: The effect of gratifications and prior experience". Computers in human behavior, v. 28, n. 2, pp. 331-339. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S074756321100210X?via%3Dihub
Lee, Eun-Ju; Jang, Yoon-Jae (2010). "What do others' reactions to news on Internet portal sites tell us? Effects of presentation format and readers' need for cognition on reality perception". Communication research, v. 37, n. 6, pp. 825-846. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650210376189
Lewis, Seth C.; Molyneux, Logan (2018). "A decade of research on social media and journalism: Assumptions, blind spots, and a way forward". Media and communication, v. 6, n. 4, pp. 11-23. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1562
Lewis, Seth C.; Holton, Avery E.; Coddington, Mark (2014). "Reciprocal journalism". Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 2, pp. 229-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.859840
Lichterman, Joseph (2016). Twitter has outsized influence, but it doesn´t drive much traffic for most news orgs, a new report says. Nieman Lab. http://www.niemanlab.org/2016/04/twitter-has-outsized-influence-but-it-doesnt-drive-much-traffic-for-most-news-orgs-a-new-report-says
Lietsala, Katri; Sirkkunen, Esa (2008). Social media: Introduction to the tools and processes of participatory economy. Tampere: Tampere University Press. ISBN: 978 951 44 7374 6 https://tampub.uta.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/65560/978-951-44-7320-3.pdf
Liu, Qian; Zhou, Mi; Zhao, Xin (2015). "Understanding news 2.0: A framework for explaining the number of comments from readers on online news". Information and management, v. 52, n. 7, pp. 764-776. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.01.002
Livingstone, Sonia (2005). "On the relation between audiences and publics: Why audience and public". In: Livingstone, Sonia (ed.). Audiences and publics: When cultural engagement matters for the public sphere. Bristol: Intellect Books, pp. 17-41. ISBN: 1841501298 https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/92597.pdf
Livingstone, Sonia (2013). "The participation paradigm in audience research". The communication review, v. 16, n. 1-2, pp. 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2013.757174
Loader, Brian D.; Mercea, Dan (2012). Social media and democracy. Oxon: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415683708
Loke, Jaime (2012). "Old turf, new neighbors: Journalists´ perspectives on their new shared space". Journalism practice, v. 6, n. 2, pp. 233-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2011.616649
Ma, Long; Lee, Chei-Sian; Goh, Dion-Hoe-Lian (2013). "Investigating influential factors influencing users to share news in social media: A diffusion of innovations perspective". In: Proceedings of the 13th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint conference on digital libraries. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2467749
Ma, Long; Lee, Chei-Sian; Goh, Dion-Hoe-Lian (2014). "Understanding news sharing in social media: An explanation from the diffusion of innovations theory". Online information review, v. 38, n. 5, pp. 598-615. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-10-2013-0239
Manosevitch, Idit; Tenenboim, Ori (2017). "The multifaced role of user-generated content in news websites. An analytical framework". Digital journalism, v. 5, n. 6, pp. 731-752. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1189840
Masip, Pere (2011) "Comentarios de las noticias: la pesadilla de los cibermedios". Anuario ThinkEPI, v. 5, pp. 106-111. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/ThinkEPI/article/viewFile/30478/16044
Masip, Pere; Ruiz-Caballero, Carles; Suau, Jaume (2019). "Contesting professional procedures of journalists: public conversation on Twitter after Germanwings accident". Digital journalism, Online first. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1546551
Masip, Pere; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Suau, Jaume (2015). "Journalists hegemonies in the age of journalism participation: the audience's perspective". IAMCR intl conf, Montreal (Canada), July 12-15.
Masip, Pere; Suau-Martínez, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos (2018). "Questioning the selective exposure to news: understanding the impact of social networks on political news consumption". American behavioral scientist, v. 62, n. 3, pp. 300-319. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764217708586
Masip, Pere; Guallar, Javier; Suau, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Peralta, Miquel (2015a). "News and social networks: audience behavior". El profesional de la información, v. 24, n. 4, pp. 363-370. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2015.jul.02
Masip, Pere; Guallar, Javier; Suau, Jaume; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Peralta, Miquel (2015b). "Active audiences and journalism: Involved citizens or motivated consumers?". Brazilian journalism research, v. 11, pp. 234-255. https://doi.org/10.25200/BJR.v11n1.2015.815
Massey, Brian L.; Levy, Mark R. (1999). "'Interactive' online journalism at English-language web newspapers in Asia: A dependency theory analysis". International communication gazette, v. 61, n. 6, pp. 523-535. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549299061006005
Mcallister, Ian (2007). "The personalization of politics". In: The Oxford handbook of political behavior. Oxford Handbooks Online. ISBN: 978 0 199270125
Melucci, Alberto (1996). Challenging codes: Collective action in the information age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521578431
Messing, Solomon; Westwood, Sean J. (2014) "Selective exposure in the age of social media: Endorsements Trump partisan source affiliation when selecting news online". Communication research, v. 41, n. 8, p. 1042-1063. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650212466406
Meyer, Hans K.; Carey, Michael-Clay (2014). "In moderation. Examining how journalists' attitudes toward online comments affect the creation of communit". Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 2, pp. 213-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.859838
Min, Seong-Jae (2007). "Online vs. face-to-face deliberation: Effects on civic engagement". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 12, n. 4, pp. 1369-1387. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00377.x
Mitchell, Amy; Holcomb, Jesse; Weisel, Rachel (2016). State of news media 2016. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. http://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2016/06/state-of-the-news-media-report-2016-final.pdf
Mitchell, Amy; Page, Dana (2014). State of news media 2014. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/05/30142556/state-of-the-news-media-report-2014-final.pdf
Mitchelstein, Eugenia (2011). "Catharsis and community: Divergent motivations for audience participation in online newspapers and blogs". International journal of communication, v. 5, pp. 2014-2034. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/1080/672
Mouffe, Chantal (2005). On the political (Thinking in action). London: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415305211
Mouffe, Chantal (2013). Agonistics: Thinking the world politically. London: Verso. ISBN: 978 1 781681039
Muddiman, Ashley; Stroud, Natalie-Jomini (2017). "News values, cognitive biases, and partisan incivility in comment sections". Journal of communication, v. 67, n. 4, pp. 586-609. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12312
Naab, Teresa K.; Sehl, Annika (2017). "Studies of user-generated content: A systematic review". Journalism, v. 18, n. 10, pp. 1256-1273. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916673557
Napoli, Philip M. (2009). Navigating producer-consumer convergence: Media policy priorities in the era of user-generated and user-distributed content. New York: The Donald McGannon Communication Research Center, Fordham University. https://fordham.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mcgannon_research
Nerone, John (2009). "The death (and rebirth?) of working-class journalism". Journalism, v. 10, n. 3, pp. 353-355. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909102596
Newman, Nic; Fletcher, Richard; Kalogeropoulos, Antonis; Levy, David A. L.; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2018). Digital news report 2018. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. http://media.digitalnewsreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/digital-news-report-2018.pdf
Newman, Nic; Fletcher, Richard; Levy, David A. L.; Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis (2016). Digital news report: 2016. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. http://media.digitalnewsreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Digital-News-Report-2016.pdf
Newman, Nic; Levy, David A. L. (2014). Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2014. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/research/files/Reuters%2520Institute%2520Digital%2520News%2520Report%25202014.pdf
Newman, Nic; Dutton, William H.; Blank, Grant (2012). "Social media in the changing ecology of news: The fourth and fifth estates in Britain". International journal of internet science, v. 7, n. 1, pp. 6-22. http://www.ijis.net/ijis7_1/ijis7_1_newman_et_al.pdf
Nielsen, Rasmus-Kleis; Schrí¸der, Kim-Christian (2014). "The relative importance of social media for accessing, finding, and engaging with news". Digital journalism, v. 2, n. 4, pp. 472-489. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2013.872420
Nilsson, Monica-Lí¶fgren; í–rnebring, Henrik (2016). "Journalism under threat". Journalism practice, v. 10, n. 7, pp. 880-890. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2016.1164614
Nip, Joyce Y. M. (2006). "Exploring the second phase of public journalism". Journalism studies, v. 7, n. 2, pp. 212-236. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700500533528
Nisbet, Matthew C.; Scheufele, Dietram A. (2004). "Political talk as a catalyst for online citizenship". Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 81, n. 4, pp. 877-896. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900408100410
Norris, Pippa (2000). A virtuous circle. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521793643
Norris, Pippa (2002). Democratic phoenix: Reinventing political activism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 511610073
O´Neill, Paul (2007). Curating subjects. Amsterdam: Open Editions. ISBN: 978 0 949004161
O´Sullivan, John; Heinonen, Ari (2008). "Old values, new media. Journalism role perceptions in a changing world". Journalism practice, v. 2, n. 3, pp. 357-371. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780802281081
Olmstead, Kenny; Mitchell, Ami; Rosenstiel, Tom (2011). Navigating news online: Where people go, how they get there and what lures them away. Pew Research Center. http://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/legacy/NIELSEN-STUDY-Copy.pdf
Owen, Laura-Hazard (2018). "Here´s a first attempt to quantify the extent of Europe´s fake news problema". Nieman Journalism Lab. http://www.niemanlab.org/2018/01/heres-a-first-attempt-to-quantify-the-extent-of-europes-fake-news-problem
Oz, Mustafa; Zheng, Pei; Chen, Gina-Masullo (2018). "Twitter versus Facebook: Comparing incivility, impoliteness, and deliberative attributes". New media & society, v. 20, n. 9, pp. 3400-3419. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817749516
Papacharissi, Zizi (2002). "The virtual sphere: The Internet as a public sphere". New media & society, v. 4, n. 1, pp. 9-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614440222226244
Papacharissi, Zizi (2004). "Democracy online: Civility, politeness, and the democratic potential of online political discussion groups". New media and society, v. 6, n. 2, pp. 259-283. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444804041444
Papacharissi, Zizi (2010). A private sphere: Democracy in a digital age. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN: 978 0 745645254
Papacharissi, Zizi (2015a). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 199999736
Papacharissi, Zizi (2015b). "Toward new journalism. Affective news, hybridity, and liminal spaces". Journalism studies, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 27-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.890328
Pariser, Eli (2011). The filter bubble: What the Internet is hiding from you. UK: Penguin. ISBN: 978 0 241 95452 2
Pasquale, Frank (2015). The black box society: The secret algorithms that control money and information. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN: 978 0 674368279
Peacock, Cynthia; Scacco, Joshua M.; Stroud, Natalie-Jomini (2017). "The deliberative influence of comment section structure". Journalism, Online first. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884917711791
Peterson, Erik; Goel, Sharad; Iyengar, Shanto (2018). "Echo chambers and partisan polarization: Evidence from the 2016 presidential campaign". Unpublished manuscript. https://5harad.com/papers/selective-exposure.pdf
Persily, Nathaniel (2017). "Can democracy survive the Internet?". Journal of democracy, v. 28, n. 2, pp. 63-76. https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/article/can-democracy-survive-the-internet
Pharr, Susan J.; Robert D. Putnam (eds.) (2000). Disaffected democracies: What´s troubling the Trilateral countries. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978 0 691049243
Picone, Ike; De-Wolf, Ralf; Robijt, Sarie (2016). "Who shares what with whom and why?: News sharing profiles amongst Flemish news users". Digital journalism, v. 4, n. 7, pp. 921-932. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1168708
Press, Andrea L.; Williams, Bruce A. (2010). The new media environment: An introduction. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 978 1 4051 2768 4
Press, Andrea L.; Livingstone, Sonia (2006). "Taking audience research into the age of new media: Old problems and new challenges". In: White, M; Schwoch, J. (eds.) Questions of method in cultural studies. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 175-200. ISBN: 978 0 631 22978 0 https://www.academia.edu/29375452/Taking_Audience_Research_into_the_Age_of_New_Media_Old_Problems_and_New_Challenges
Prior, Markus (2007). Post-broadcast democracy. How media choice increases inequality in political involvement and polarizes elections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521675338
Prior, Markus (2013). "Media and political polarization". Annual review of political science, v. 16, pp. 101-127. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-100711-135242
Prochazka, Fabian; Weber, Patrick; Schweiger, Wolfgang (2018). "Effects of civility and reasoning in user comments on perceived journalistic quality". Journalism studies, n. 19, n. 1, pp. 62-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1161497
Purcell, Kristen; Rainie, Lee; Mitchell, Amy; Rosenstiel, Tom (2010). Understanding the participatory news consumer. Pew Research Center´s Internet & American Life Project. http://www.pewinternet.org/2010/03/01/understanding-the-participatory-news-consumer
Quandt, Thorsten (2018). "Dark participation". Media and communication, v. 6, n. 4, pp. 36-48.
https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1519
Quattrociocchi, Walter; Scala, Antonio; Sunstein, Cass R. (2016). Echo chambers on Facebook, 15 pp. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2795110
Rainie, Lee; Wellman, Barry (2012). Networked. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press. ISBN: 978 0 262526166
Rains, Stephen A. (2007). "The impact of anonymity on perceptions of source credibility and influence in computer-mediated group communication: A test of two competing hypotheses". Communication research, v. 34, n. 1, pp. 100-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650206296084
Reader, Bill (2012). "Free press vs. free speech? The rhetoric of "˜civility´ in regard to anonymous online comments". Journalism & mass communication quarterly, v. 89, n. 3, pp. 495-513. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699012447923
Reich, Zvi (2011). "User comments: The transformation of participatory space". In: Singer, Jane B. (eds.). Participatory journalism: Guarding open gates at online newspapers. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 96-117. ISBN: 978 1 444 33226 1
Rheingold, Howard (2002). Smart mobs: The next social revolution. Cambridge MA: Perseus Publishing. ISBN: 978 0 738208619
Richardson, John E.; Stanyer, James (2011). "Reader opinion in the digital age: Tabloid and broadsheet newspaper websites and the exercise of political voice". Journalism, v. 12, n. 8, pp. 983-1003. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884911415974
Robertson, Scott P.; Vatrapu, Ravi K.; Medina, Richard (2010). "Off the wall political discourse: Facebook use in the 2008 U.S. presidential election". Information polity, v. 15, n. 1-2, pp. 11-31. https://doi.org/10.3233/IP-2010-0196
Robinson, Sue (2010) "Traditionalists vs. convergers: Textual privilege, boundary work, and the journalist-audience relationship in the commenting policies of online news sites". Convergence: The international journal of research into new media technologies, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 125-143. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856509347719
Rojas, Hernando (2010). "'Corrective' actions in the public sphere: How perceptions of media and media effects shape political behaviors". International journal of public opinion research, v. 22, n. 3, pp. 343-363. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edq018
Rosengard, Dana; Tucker-McLaughlin, Mary; Brown, Tim (2014). "Students and social news: How college students share news through social media". Electronic news, v. 8, n. 2, pp. 120-137. https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243114546448
Rowe, Ian (2014). "Civility 2.0: A comparative analysis of incivility in online political discussion". Information, communication & society, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 121-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2014.940365
Rowe, Ian (2015). "Deliberation 2.0: Comparing the deliberative quality of online news user comments across platforms". Journal of broadcasting & electronic media, v. 59, n. 4, pp. 539-555. https//doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2015.1093482
Rudat, Anja; Buder, Jürgen; Hesse, Friedrich W. (2014). "Audience design in Twitter: Retweeting behavior between informational value and followers´ interests". Computers in human behavior, v. 35, pp. 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.006
Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Masip, Pere; Micó-Sanz, Josep-Lluís; Díaz-Noci, Javier; Domingo, David (2010). "Conversation 2.0. and democracy. An analysis of reader´s comments in Catalan online newspapers". Communication and society, v. 23, n. 2, pp. 7-39. https://www.unav.es/fcom/communication-society/en/resumen.php?art_id=360
Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos; Domingo, David; Micó-Sanz, Josep-Lluís; Díaz-Noci, Javier; Meso, Koldo; Masip, Pere (2011). "Public sphere 2.0? The democratic qualities of citizen debates in online newspapers". International journal of press/politics, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 463-487. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161211415849
Rutherford, Jennifer (2003). "Zombie categories: Interview with Ulrich Beck". In: Beck, Ulrich; Beck-Gernsheim, Elisbeth. Individualization: Institutionalized individualism and its social and political consequences. London: Sage, pp. 202-213. ISBN: 978 0 761961123
Santana, Arthur D. (2011). "Online readers´ comments represent new opinion pipeline". Newspaper research journal, v. 32, n. 3, pp. 66-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/073953291103200306
Santana, Arthur D. (2013). "Virtuous or vitriolic. The effect of anonymity on civility in online newspaper reader comment boards" Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 1, pp. 18-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.813194
Santana, Arthur D. (2014). "Controlling the conversation". Journalism studies, v. 17, n. 2, pp. 141-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.972076
Sartori, Giovanni (1998). Homo videns. Madrid: Taurus. ISBN: 978 84 66342513
Schí¤fer, Mike S. (2015). "Digital public sphere". In: Mazzoleni, G. et al. (eds.). The international encyclopedia of political communication. London: Wiley Blackwell, pp. 322-328. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118541555.wbiepc087
Schmidt, Jan-Hinrik (2014). "Twitter and the rise of personal publics". In: Weller, Katrin et al. (eds.). Twitter & society. New York: Peter Lang, pp. 3-14. ISBN: 978 1 4331 2169 2 http://alexleavitt.com/media/2014_PeterLang_TwitterAndSociety.pdf
Schrí¸der, Kim-Christian (2013). "From dogmatism to open-mindedness? Historical reflections on methods in audience reception research". The communication review, v. 16, n. 1-2, pp. 40-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2013.757485
Schrí¸der, Kim-Christian (2015). "News media old and new". Journalism studies, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 60-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.890332
Schrí¸der, Kim-Christian; Drotner, Kristen; Kline, Stephen; Murray, Catherine (2003). Researching audiences. A practical guide to methods in media audience analysis. London: Arnold. ISBN: 978 0 340762745
Schwering, Markus (2014). "Internet and public sphere. What the web can´t do. Jürgen Habermas interviewed by Markus Schwering". Interview published in the "feulleton" of the Frankfurter Rundschau, 14/15 June. https://www.resetdoc.org/story/internet-and-public-sphere-what-the-web-cant-do
Sherrick, Brett; Hoewe, Jennifer (2018). "The effect of explicit online comment moderation on three spiral of silence outcomes". New media & society, v. 20, n. 2, pp. 453-474. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816662477
Shoemaker, Pamela; Vos, Tim P. (2009). Gatekeeping theory. New York: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 415981385
Singer, Jane B. (2008). "Online journalists. Foundations for research into their changing roles". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 4, n. 1. http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol4/issue1/singer.html
Singer, Jane B. (2010). "Quality control: Perceived effects of user-generated content on newsroom norms, values and routines" Journalism practice, v. 4, n. 2, pp. 127-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780903391979
Singer, Jane B. (2014). "User-generated visibility: Secondary gatekeeping in a shared media space". New media & society, v. 16, n. 1, pp. 55-73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813477833
Singer, Jane B.; Domingo, David; Heinonen, Ari; Hermida, Alfred; Paulussen, Steve; Quandt, Thorsten; Reich, Zvi; Vujnovic, Marina (2011). Participatory journalism: Guarding open gates at online newspapers. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 978 1 444 33226 1
Soffer, Oren; Gordoni, Galit (2017). "Opinion expression via user comments on news websites: Analysis through the perspective of the spiral of silence". Information, communication and society, v. 21, n. 3, pp. 388-403. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1281991
Sparks, Colin; Tulloch, John (2000). Tabloid tales. London: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN: 978 0 847695720
Springer, Nina; Engelmann, Ines; Pfaffinger, Christian (2015). "User comments: Motives and inhibitors to write and read". Information, communication and society, v. 18, n. 7, pp. 798-815. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2014.997268
Steiner, George (2004). La idea d´Europa. Barcelona: Arcàdia. ISBN: 978 84 93409609
Steinfeld, Nili; Samuel-Azran, Tal; Lev-On, Azi (2016). "User comments and public opinion: Findings from an eye-tracking experiment". Computers in human behavior, v. 61, pp. 63-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.004
Stelter, Brian (2008). "Finding political news online, the young pass it on". The New York Times, March 27th. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/27/us/politics/27voters.html
Stieglitz, Stefan; Dang-Xuan, Linh (2013). "Emotions and information diffusion in social media - Sentiment of microblogs and sharing behavior". Journal of management information systems, v. 29, n. 4, pp. 217-248. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222290408
Stroud, Natalie-Jomini (2010) "Polarization and partisan selective exposure". Journal of communication, v. 60, n. 3, pp. 556-576. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01497.x
Stroud, Natalie-Jomini; Muddiman, Ashley; Scacco, Joshua M. (2016). "Like, recommend, or respect? Altering political behavior in news comment sections". New media & society, v. 19, n. 11, pp. 1727-1743. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816642420
Stroud, Natalie-Jomini; Scacco, Joshua M.; Muddiman, Ashley; Curry, Alexander L. (2014). "Changing deliberative norms on news organizations´ Facebook sites". Journal of computer-mediated communication, v. 20, n. 2, pp. 188-203. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12104
Suau, Jaume (2015). Citizens and online media participation. Attitudes and motivations towards participatory journalism and other online practices in London and Barcelona. PhD thesis. Barcelona, University Ramon Llull.
Suau, Jaume; Masip, Pere (2014). "Exploring participatory journalism in mediterranean countries". Journalism practice, v. 8, n. 6, pp. 670-687. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2013.865964
Suau, Jaume; Masip, Pere; Ruiz-Caballero, Carlos (2019) (forthcoming). "Missing the big wave: Citizens´ discourses against the participatory formats adopted by news media". Journalism practice.
Sujin, Choi; Ji-young, Park; Woo, Park-Han (2012). "Using social media data to explore communication processes within South Korean online innovation communities". Scientometrics, v. 90, n. 1, pp. 43-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-011-0514-7
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Condiciones de difusión de los artículos una vez son publicados
Los autores pueden publicitar libremente sus artículos en webs, redes sociales y repositorios
Deberán respetarse sin embargo, las siguientes condiciones:
- Solo deberá hacerse pública la versión editorial. Rogamos que no se publiquen preprints, postprints o pruebas de imprenta.
- Junto con esa copia ha de incluirse una mención específica de la publicación en la que ha aparecido el texto, añadiendo además un enlace clicable a la URL: http://revista.profesionaldelainformacion.com
La revista Profesional de la información ofrece los artículos en acceso abierto con una licencia Creative Commons BY.
