Privacy paradox in mobile environments: The influence of the emotions
Keywords:
Social networks, Mobile applications, Smartphones, Personal information, Personal data, Data, Privacy, Emotions.Abstract
The increasing relevance of personal information has sparked a broad debate on privacy issues on the ubiquitous Internet. The so called "˜privacy paradox´ aims to explain through rational decision-making models the contradictions between stated digital privacy concerns and the actual behaviors in mobile platforms. An analysis of the emotions that arise when users know about unauthorized personal data disclosure is proposed. A survey of smartphone users was conducted shortly after the Cambridge Analytica / Facebook scandal took place, in order to analyze the nature and intensity of a user´s emotions in relation to their knowledge of privacy breaches. The results support the paradox of privacy from an emotional perspective: although the reported emotions are intense, there is no relationship between the management that users make of their privacy settings in social networks and mobile applications and the nature and intensity of the emotions reported.Â
Downloads
References
Acquisti, Alessandro; Brandimarte, Laura; Loewenstein, George (2015). "Privacy and human behavior in the age of information". Science, v. 347, n. 622, pp. 509-514. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1465
Acquisti, Alessandro; Grossklags, Jens (2005). "Privacy and rationality in individual decision making". IEEE security & privacy, v. 3, n. 1, pp. 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2005.22
Aguado, Juan-Miguel; Martínez, Inmaculada José (2014). "The relationship is the medium: Understanding media in a mobile age". In: Katz, James. Living inside mobile social information. Boston, MA: Boston University Press, pp. 77-108.
AIMC (2018). 20º navegantes en la Red. Encuesta AIMC a usuarios de Internet. Marzo. Asociación para la Investigación de Medios de Comunicación. http://download.aimc.es/aimc/ARtu5f4e/macro2017/#page=1
Bergkvist, Lars (2015). "Appropriate use of single-item measures is here to stay". Marketing letters, v. 26, n. 3, pp. 245-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-014-9325-y
Chen, Hsuan-Ting (2018). "Revisiting the privacy paradox on social media with an extended privacy calculus model: The effect of privacy concerns, privacy self-efficacy, and social capital on privacy management". American behavioral scientist, v. 62, n. 10, pp. 1392-1412. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764218792691
Dienlin, Tobias; Trepte, Sabine (2015). "Is the privacy paradox a relic of the past? An in"depth analysis of privacy attitudes and privacy behaviors". European journal of social psychology, v. 45, n. 3, pp. 285-297. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2049
Ditrendia (2018). Informe Ditrendia 2017: Mobile en España y en el mundo. https://www.amic.media/media/files/file_352_1289.pdf
Doyle, Kim (2015). "Facebook, Whatsapp and the commodification of affective labour". Communication, politics & culture, v. 48, n. 1, pp. 51-65. https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=383824705363393;res=IELHSS
Ekman, Paul; Friesen, Wallace V.; O´Sullivan, Maureen; Chan, Anthony; Diacoyanni-Tarlatzis, Irene; Heider, Karl; Krause, Rainer; Lecompte, William-Ayhan; Pitcairn, Tom; Ricci-Bitti, Pio E.; Scherer, Klaus; Tomita, Masatoshi; Tzavaras, Athanase (1987). "Universals and cultural differences in the judgments of facial expressions of emotion". Journal of personality and social psychology, v. 53, n. 4, pp. 712-717. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.53.4.712
Florido-Benítez, Lázaro (2016). "The impact of mobile marketing in airports". Journal of airline and airport management, v. 6, n. 1, pp. 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3926/jairm.39
Fox, Jesse; Moreland, Jennifer J. (2015). "The dark side of social networking sites: An exploration of the relational and psychological stressors associated with Facebook use and affordances". Computers in human behavior, v. 45, n. 168-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.083
Gerlitz, Carolin; Helmond, Anne (2013). "The like economy: Social buttons and the data-intensive web". New media & society, v. 15, n. 8, pp. 1348-1365. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812472322
Gómez-Barroso, José-Luis; Feijóo, Claudio (2013). Información personal: la nueva moneda de la economía digital. El profesional de la información, v. 22, n. 4, pp. 290-297. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2013.jul.03
Gómez-Barroso, José-Luis; Feijóo, Claudio; Martínez-Martínez, Inmaculada J. (2018). "Cesión calculada de información personal: factores que influyen en la percepción de beneficio". El profesional de la información, v. 27, n. 2, pp. 341-348. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2018.mar.12
Hargittai, Ezster; Marwick, Alice (2016). "What can I really do? Explaining the privacy paradox with online apathy". International journal of communication, v. 10, n. 21, pp. 3737-3757. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-148157
INE (2018). Población que usa internet (en los tres últimos meses). Ciencia y tecnología, sociedad de la información (actualizado 13 diciembre 2017). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Gobierno de España. https://bit.ly/1PYwho6
Kanter, Jake (2018) "The backlash that never happened: New data shows people actually increased their Facebook usage after the Cambridge Analytica scandal". Business insider, 20 May. https://www.businessinsider.es/people-increased-facebook-usage-after-cambridge-analytica-scandal-2018-5?r=US&IR=T
Kehr, Flavius; Wentzel, Daniel; Kowatsch, Tobias (2014). "Privacy paradox revised: Pre-existing attitudes, psychological ownership, and actual disclosure". In: 35th Intl conf on information systems. Auckland, New Zealand. https://bit.ly/2R3OdAo
Kokolakis, Spyros (2017). "Privacy attitudes and privacy behaviour: A review of current research on the privacy paradox phenomenon". Computers & security, v. 64, pp. 122-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2015.07.002
Krasnova, Hanna; Spiekermann, Sarah; Koroleva, Ksenia; Hildebrand, Thomas (2010). "Online social networks: Why we disclose". Journal of information technology, v. 25, n. 2, pp. 109-125. https://doi.org/10.1057/jit.2010.6
Krol, Katarzyna K. (2016). The role of effort in security and privacy behaviours online. Doctoral dissertation. UCL: University College London. https://bit.ly/2TibLpn
Lenhard, Wolgang; Lenhard, Alexandra (2016). "Calculation of effect sizes". Psychometrica. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.3478.4245
Li, Han; Luo, Xin R.; Zhang, Jie; Xu, Heng (2017). "Resolving the privacy paradox: Toward a cognitive appraisal and emotion approach to online privacy behaviors". Information & management, v. 54, n. 8, pp. 1012-1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2017.02.005
Ling, Rich (2008). New tech, new ties. Cambridge, MA: MIT press. ISBN: 978 0 262515047
Lutz, Christoph; Strathoff, Pepe (2014). Privacy concerns and online behavior - Not so paradoxical after all? Viewing the privacy paradox through different theoretical lenses (April, 15). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2425132
Martínez-Martínez, Dolores-Fuensanta (2018). "Unificación de la protección de datos personales en la Unión Europea: desafíos e implicaciones". El profesional de la información, v. 27, n. 1, pp. 185-194. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2018.ene.17
Miltgen, Caroline L.; Peyrat-Guillard, Dominique (2014). "Cultural and generational influences on privacy concerns: a qualitative study in seven European countries". European journal of information systems, v. 23, n. 2, pp. 103-125. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2013.17
Min, Jinyoung; Kim, Byoungsoo (2015). "How are people enticed to disclose personal information despite privacy concerns in social network sites? The calculus between benefit and cost". Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, v. 66, n. 4, pp. 839-857. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23206
OvÄjak, Boris; HeriÄko, Marjan; PolanÄiÄ, Gregor (2016). "How do emotions impact mobile services acceptance? A systematic literature review". Mobile information systems. Article ID 825303. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8253036
Pekrun, Reihardt; Perry, Raimond P. (2014). "Control-value theory of achievement emotions". In: Pekrun, Reihardt; Linnenbrink-Garcia, Lisa (eds.). International handbook of emotions in education, pp. 120-141. London. Routledge. ISBN: 978 0415895026
Petrescu, Maria (2013). "Marketing research using single-item indicators in structural equation models". Journal of marketing analytics, v. 1, n. 2, pp. 99-117. https://doi.org/10.1057/jma.2013.7
Pham, Phuong; Wang, Jingtao (2017). "Understanding emotional responses to mobile video advertisements via physiological signal sensing and facial expression analysis". In: Proceedings of the 22nd Intl conf on intelligent user interfaces, pp. 67-78. ACM. http://people.cs.pitt.edu/~jingtaow/research/attentivevideo-iui2017.pdf
Reisenzein, Reiner (2007). "What is a definition of emotion? And are emotions mental-behavioral processes?". Social science information, v. 46, n. 3, pp. 424-428. https://doi.org/10.1177/05390184070460030110
Scoble, Robert; Israel, Shel (2014). Age of context: Mobile, sensors, data and the future of privacy. Patrick Brewster Press. ISBN: 978 1 492348436
Serrano-Puche, Javier (2016). "Internet y emociones: Nuevas tendencias en un campo de investigación emergente". Comunicar, v. 46, n. 1, pp. 19-26. https://doi.org/10.3916/C46-2016-02
Smith, Matthew; Szongott, Christian; Henne, Benajmin; Von-Voigt, Gabriele (2012). "Big data privacy issues in public social media". In: 6th IEEE Intl conf on digital ecosystems technologies. https://doi.org/10.1109/DEST.2012.6227909
Spiekermann, Sarah; Acquisti, Alessandro; Bí¶hme, Rainer; Hui, Kai-Lung (2015). "The challenges of personal data markets and privacy". Electronic markets, v. 25, n. 2, pp. 161-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-015-0191-0
Su, Zhou; Xu, Qichao; Qi, Qifan (2016). "Big data in mobile social networks: A QoE-oriented framework". IEEE network, v. 30, n. 1, pp. 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2016.7389831
Thorsteinsson, Gisli; Page, Tom (2014). "User attachment to smartphones and design guidelines". International journal of mobile learning and organisation, v. 8, n. 3/4, pp. 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMLO.2014.067020
Wang, Tien; Duong, Trong-Danh; Chen, Charlie C. (2016). "Intention to disclose personal information via mobile applications: A privacy calculus perspective". International journal of information management, v. 36, n. 4, pp. 531-542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.03.003
West, Sarah-Myers (2019). "Data capitalism: Redefining the logics of surveillance and privacy". Business & society, v. 58, n. 1, pp. 20-41. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650317718185
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Dissemination conditions of the articles once they are published
Authors can freely disseminate their articles on websites, social networks and repositories
However, the following conditions must be respected:
- Only the editorial version should be made public. Please do not publish preprints, postprints or proofs.
- Along with this copy, a specific mention of the publication in which the text has appeared must be included, also adding a clickable link to the URL: http://www.profesionaldelainformacion.com
- Only the final editorial version should be made public. Please do not publish preprints, postprints or proofs.
- Along with that copy, a specific mention of the publication in which the text has appeared must be included, also adding a clickable link to the URL: http://revista.profesionaldelainformacion.com
Profesional de la información journal offers the articles in open access with a Creative Commons BY license.
