Posverdad y fake news en comunicación política: breve genealogía
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2019.may.14Palabras clave:
Posverdad, Noticias falsas, Demagogia, Sociedad, Comportamiento humano, Fake news, Comunicación política, Verificación, Fact checking, Filtros burbuja, Redes sociales, Medios, Prensa, Facebook, Definiciones, Conceptos, Revisión.Resumen
El artículo expone y discute el significado, el origen y los precedentes del término posverdad en comunicación política, así como de la expresión conexa fake news. De ambos se describen y evalúan casos recientes. Se analizan y valoran las interpretaciones que se han dado de dichos fenómenos, desde las que demuestran su continuidad (en tanto encarnaciones recientes de «demagogia», «propaganda» o «desinformación») a las que enfatizan su novedad, y desde las que ponen el acento en lo tecnológico a aquellas que hablan de una verdadera transformación epistemológica o descubren las motivaciones psicológicas que las subtienden. Finalmente, se resumen y discuten las medidas correctoras propuestas: la regulación o la autorregulación de los contenidos, el fact checking, la supervisión de los algoritmos de búsqueda, y los programas de alfabetización digital.
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