Teachers in a world of information: Detecting false information
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.sep.01Palabras clave:
Media literacy, Disinformation, Misinformation, Hoaxes, Fake news, Conspiracy theories, Fact-checking, False information, Teachers, Educators, Czech Republic, Surveys, Primary schools, Secondary schools, European Union, Covid-19Resumen
The media have advanced rapidly in recent years, bringing with them new challenges, such as the need to acquire adequate training to be successful in today´s global world. Since anyone can participate in public media communication, misinformation is an element that shapes today´s society. This article focuses on the extent to which Czech teachers believe fake news and conspiracy theories. We conducted an online survey with a total of 2,155 teachers from all regions of the Czech Republic. The teachers assessed a total of 34 statements divided into three thematic groups: statements related to the European Union, statements related to the Covid-19 disease pandemic and statements focusing on well-known historical, cultural and social phenomena. More than half (61.14%) of Czech teachers were able to correctly judge the truthfulness of statements. Nevertheless, 15.59% of Czech teachers admit that they are not able to assess the statements in a relevant way, and only 10.41% believed some of the fake news or conspiration theories.Â
Descargas
Citas
Barkun, Michael (2012). "New world order conspiracies: the new world order and the illuminati". In: Barkun, Michael. A culture of conspiracy apocalyptic visions in contemporary America. California Scholarship Online, pp. 39-64. ISBN: 978 0 520238053 https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520238053.003.0003
Bell, Bethan (2016). "Taken from life: the unsettling art of death photography". BBC news, 5 June. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-36389581
Biryukov, Vladislav (2015). "Fact or fiction? Reversing your PIN can call the police in an emergency". Kaspersky official blog, November 16. https://www.kaspersky.com/blog/fact-or-fiction-inverted-pin-code/10559
Ciroková, Kristí½na (2022). "Potrestejte žáka, co mÄ› nahrál, žádá uÄitelka, která Å¡íÅ™ila dezinformace". Seznam zprávy. https://www.seznamzpravy.cz/clanek/domaci-kauzy-potrestejte-zaka-co-me-nahral-zada-ucitelka-ktera-sirila-dezinformace-198997
Daňková, Å árka; Zvolskí½, Miroslav; DuÅ¡ek, Ladislav (2020). Mortalitní data, kódování a vymezení umrtí na Covid-19. Strana 2 z 11. https://onemocneni-aktualne.mzcr.cz/doc/zemreli-COVID-19-metodicky-rozbor.pdf
Erhart, Michal; KropáÄková, Renata (2018). "Neziskovky jako terÄ? Podle Volného vymí½vají dÄ›tem mozky, pomáhají tam, kde stát zaspal, oponuje Gajdůšková". Irozhlas. https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/lubomir-volny-spd-alena-gajduskova-cssd_1808081346_haf
Evropská komise (2021). "Eurobarometr 2021: důvÄ›ra Äechů v EU je nejvyÅ¡Å¡í od roku 2013". Business INFO. Cz. https://www.businessinfo.cz/clanky/eurobarometr-2021-duvera-cechu-v-eu-je-nejvyssi-od-roku-2013
Evropská komise (2023). Evropskí½ rok dovedností 2023. https://ec.europa.eu/czech-republic/news/euromyty_cs
Goda, Jakub (2019). "Hlavné správy a Zem a vek patria podľa prieskumu medzi najdí´veryhodnejÅ¡ie médiá medzi uÄiteľmi". Rubriky. https://dennikn.sk/blog/1571691/hlavne-spravy-a-zem-a-vek-patria-podla-prieskumu-focusu-medzi-najdoveryhodnejsie-media-medzi-ucitelmi/?ref=in
Godwin, Richard (2019). "One giant"¦ lie? Why so many people still think the Moon landings were faked". The Guardian, 10 July. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/jul/10/one-giant-lie-why-so-many-people-still-think-the-moon-landings-were-faked
Gritton, Jim (2017). "Wagner and the trope of the horned helmet". https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335219184_Wagner_and_the_Trope_of_the_Horned_Helmet
Grogan, Joelle (2022). "The impact of Covid-19 measures on democracy, the rule of law and fundamental rights". Think tank. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/IPOL_STU(2022)734010
Havrilesky, Thomas (1972). "The information explosion, technological innovativeness and the competitive ethic". Land economics, v. 48, n. 4, pp. 347-356. https://doi.org/10.2307/3145311
Hoaxes.org (2006). "How to cook an egg with two cell phones". Hoaxes.org, February 7. http://hoaxes.org/weblog/comments/how_to_cook_an_egg_with_two_cell_phones
Irozhlas (2021). "ÄŒesko z RozpoÄtu EU získalo o 38,7 miliardy více, než do nÄ›j odvedlo. Zůstalo tak Äistí½m pÅ™íjemcem penÄ›z". Irozhlas, 29, Äervence. https://www.irozhlas.cz/ekonomika/eu-rozpocet-ministerstvo-financi-alena-schillerova-strukturalni-fondy_2107291544_ere
Islam, Md-Saiful; Sarkar, Tonmoy; Khan, Sazzad-Hossain; Kamal, Abu-Hena-Mostofa; Hasan, S. M. Murshid; Kabir, Alamgir; Yeasmin, Dalia; Islam, Mohammad-Ariful; Amin-Chowdhury, Kamal-Ibne; Anwar, Kazi-Selim; Chughtai, Abrar-Ahmad; Seale, Holly (2020). "Covid-19 related infodemic and its impact on public health: A global social media analysis". The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, v. 103, n. 4, pp. 1621-1629. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0812
Jadrní½, Petr (2020). "NeÅ¡li na test, pÅ™esto dostali SMS, že jsou pozitivní. "šje to absolutní nesmysl,"˜ Å™ekla o hoaxu jágrová". IRozhlas, 1. Října. https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/hoax-koronaviru-v-cesku-sms-chyb_2010010746_pj
Jirák, Jan; Šťastná Lucie, Zezulková, Markéta (2018). Mediální ví½chova jako průřezové téma. Praha. https://www.npi.cz/images/podkladov%C3%A1_studie/medialni_vychova.pdf
Kopeckí½, Kamil; Szotkowski, René; VoráÄ, Dominik; Mikulcov, Klára; KrejÄí, Veronika (2021). Czech teachers in the world of media. Olomouc: Palackí½ University in Olomouc.
Link, Devon (2019). "Fact check: Moon landing conspiracy theory misrepresents footprint". USA Today. News. https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/09/17/fact-check-moon-landing-conspiracy-theory-misrepresents-footprint/8380230002
Llanes-Álvarez, Carlos; San-Roman-Uría, Alberto; Nunes-Nancabu Paulo; Ruiz-Gippini, María; López-Landeiro, Patricia; Franco-Martín, Manuel-Ángel (2016). "Chemtrails: an overview of the phenomenon". European psychiatry, v. 33, n. S1, pp. 450-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1635
McIlvenna, Una (2021). "Was Napoleon short? Origins of the "˜Napoleon complex´". History.Com. https://www.history.com/news/napoleon-complex-short
Mendes, Claudia (2019). "The irony - Nobel Peace Prize nominees included Hitler, Stalin and Mussolini". War history online, February 24. https://www.warhistoryonline.com/instant-articles/nobel-peace-prize-nominees.html
Modrako, Alicia (2020). "Exkluzívny prieskum medzi uÄiteľmi: Nedí´verujú vláde a mnohí si myslia, že sa chystá ÄipovaÅ¥ ľudí".
Nutil, Petr (2016). "Hoax: EU chce zruÅ¡it písmeno Ř". ManipulátoÅ™i.Cz. https://manipulatori.cz/hoax-eu-chce-zrusit-pismeno-r
O´Brien, Joseph (2019). "Tiger tanks & tea: The British cup of char in war". War history online, 10 March. https://www.warhistoryonline.com/world-war-ii/tiger-tanks-tea-the-british-cup.html
Sardarizadeh, Shayan (2021). "11 September 2001: The conspiracy theories still spreading after 20 years". BBC news, 10 September. https://www.bbc.com/news/58469600
Tollefson, Jeff (2021). "Tracking QAnon: How Trump turned conspiracy theory research upside down". Nature, v. 590, n. 7845, pp. 192-193. https://doi.org/10.1038/D41586-021-00257-Y
WHO (2023). Infodemic. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/health-topics/infodemic#tab=tab_1
Xiao, Sijia; Cheshire, Coye; Bruckman, Amy (2021). "Sensemaking and the chemtrail conspiracy on the Internet: insights from believers and ex-believers". Proceedings of the ACM on human computer interaction, v. 5, n. 454. https://doi.org/10.1145/3479598
Zastoupení Evropské komise v ÄŒR (2016a) "Euromí½tus: Brusel nám zakázal žárovky". Euroactiv, 29 August. https://euractiv.cz/section/energeticka-ucinnost/news/euromytus-brusel-nam-zakazal-zarovky
Zastoupení Evropské komise v ÄŒR (2016b). "Euromí½tus: konec zabijaÄek v Äechách - euractiv.Cz". Euroactiv, 9 December. https://euractiv.cz/section/cr-v-evropske-unii/news/euromytus-konec-zabijacek-v-cechach
Zheng, Min; Marsh, Jessecae K.; Nickerson, Jeffrey; Kleinberg, Samantha (2020) "How causal information affects decisions". Cognitive research: Principles and implications, n. 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-0206-z
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Profesional de la información
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Condiciones de difusión de los artículos una vez son publicados
Los autores pueden publicitar libremente sus artículos en webs, redes sociales y repositorios
Deberán respetarse sin embargo, las siguientes condiciones:
- Solo deberá hacerse pública la versión editorial. Rogamos que no se publiquen preprints, postprints o pruebas de imprenta.
- Junto con esa copia ha de incluirse una mención específica de la publicación en la que ha aparecido el texto, añadiendo además un enlace clicable a la URL: http://revista.profesionaldelainformacion.com
La revista Profesional de la información ofrece los artículos en acceso abierto con una licencia Creative Commons BY.