Los jóvenes se sumergen en Instagram. Un estudio desde la perspectiva de los usos y gratificaciones

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2021.sep.09

Resumen

La presente investigación analiza el uso de Instagram desde la perspectiva de la teorí­a de los usos y gratificaciones. El objetivo del estudio es conocer los motivos de uso de Instagram y el papel de las diferencias individuales en relación con la intrusión de Instagram (entendida como un apego y una participación excesiva en dicha red social). Para ello, se llevó a cabo una encuesta online en la que participaron 401 personas de entre 18 y 36 años (73,1% mujeres) residentes en España que disponí­an de perfil en Instagram. El cuestionario diseñado contení­a varias escalas para medir los motivos de uso de Instagram, la intrusión y otras medidas de diferencias individuales (autoestima, comparación social y envidia). Los resultados indicaron que las principales razones para utilizar Instagram eran la interacción social, la creatividad y la documentación, siendo los motivos menos representados el escape y la autopromoción. Ahora bien, mediante un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple se observó que los motivos que predecí­an una mayor intrusión de Instagram eran la búsqueda de la autopromoción y el escape. Finalmente, se observó que la orientación a la comparación social y la autoestima se asociaban a una mayor intrusión. Nuestro estudio contribuye a la bibliografí­a sobre el estudio de las redes sociales y, en particular, sobre los factores predictores que explican un uso más problemático de Instagram teniendo en cuenta variables motivacionales y de diferencias individuales. De este modo, se esclarece el conocimiento sobre los procesos subyacentes al uso de Instagram y se introduce el concepto de intrusión en la investigación sobre los usos y gratificaciones de las redes sociales.

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Publicado

2021-09-09

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Artí­culos de investigación / Research articles